All of them save only changes between the data in the previously created original full image of the disk and the data at the instance the backup is being created.
For the differential backup the changes are saved between the original image and the current instance. When restoring data, you will need the full image and only the differential file created at the instance to which you want to restore data.
For the incremental backup, changes are saved between the last saved changes and the current instance. When restoring data, you will need the full image and all files (both incremental and differential ones) created to the instant to which you want to restore data.
Which method is to choose, depends on your task. If you need to keep only the latest backup instant, you may use the differential backup and delete all previous differential files. If you need to keep all instances, you may use the incremental backup to keep overall file sizes smaller. Please, take into consideration data safety: If any of the differential file is damaged, data will be lost only for that backup instant. If any of the incremental file is damaged, data will be lost for all subsequent backup instances starting from the damaged file until the next full or differential backup.
Turn Off OneDrive Syncing
I accidentally synced my Desktop with OneDrive. I’m trying to stop it but it won’t let me until it’s finished syncing, which is frustrating to say the least. Once it’s done, how can I reverse this without deleting my files permanently? I moved two of my folders back onto my real desktop but now I’m getting a notice that this will delete the files not only from One Drive but across ALL shared libraries. What can I do?
Don’t you just love MS’s “helpful” automation …
Before you drive a stake through OneDrives tiny electronic heart, you have to “pause” syncing. After you kill OneDrive you can then delete one copy of the files, either on your local computer or in OneDrive. Or keep them as a “backup”. That is a legitimate use.
Unlink / Turn off, disable, or uninstall OneDrive
If you want to stop syncing for a short time, learn How to pause and resume sync in OneDrive.
If you want to stop syncing a file, read How to stop or cancel sync in OneDrive.
If you want to remove a OneDrive folder from your computer, follow the steps in Choose which OneDrive folders to sync to your computer.
If you want to cancel your OneDrive subscription, see How to cancel your Microsoft subscription.
If you want to sign out of OneDrive on the web, select your profile photo, then select Sign out.
If you just don’t want to use OneDrive, the easiest solution is to unlink it.
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Turn off or uninstall OneDrive – block
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2018 01 23- How to uninstall OneDrive from Windows (all versions)- Kill OneDrive
https://www.digitalcitizen.life/how-uninstall-hide-onedrive-windows
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OneDrive Screwed Up my Desktop
If OneDrive has screwed up your desktop, you can try the following solutions1234:
- Right-click the OneDrive icon in the Notification Area & select Settings > Select “Sync and backup” in the left column > Select “Manage Backup” (top right) and deselect the folders. That should reset the system folder locattions under This PC, but content will have to be moved manually from the OneDrvie folders. <<THIS ONE WORKED
- Click the OneDrive icon on the Taskbar to bring up the app window. Click Sign in, enter the email address you use for OneDrive, authenticate your account, confirm the folder used for OneDrive, and go through the remaining setup windows until OneDrive starts running again.
- Press the Windows key + R. In the Run window, enter: %localappdata%\Microsoft\OneDrive\onedrive.exe /reset > Click OK. Open the Run window again and enter: %localappdata%\Microsoft\OneDrive\onedrive.exe > Click OK.
- Check if you have set OneDrive to protect your Desktop folder by having it synced with OneDrive. If so, you can stop protecting the Desktop folder to stop this. Turn On or Off Folder Protection with OneDrive in Windows 10.
What are differential and incremental images
In modern computing, there are three primary methods for archiving and backing up your data: full, differential, and incremental. The first method, a full backup, is pretty self-explanatory – it’s copies all of the data from one drive or system to another. While this does result in a complete backup, this method is often long and, most importantly, it’s unnecessary in most cases. Instead, most modern users will utilize differential or incremental for their regular data backup needs.
What are Differential Disk Images?
The differential disk image is the final product of a differential data backup. In this scenario, a full backup is created when the first system backup is performed. After that, each subsequent backup only copies the data that has changed since the last full backup. Not only does this reduce the amount of time it ultimately takes to complete each backup, but it also reduces long-term wear and tear on your hardware.
In a disaster recovery scenario, restoring data from a differential backup usually result in the least amount of downtime when compared to other methods. This is largely dependent on the lifespan of the backup itself, however, as differential backups tend to grow over size. As a result, the amount of time that it takes to make the backup – and the amount of time required to recover the data – increases, too.
Depending on the amount of data that has changed, differential backups can be rather time consuming. Although they offer more versatility than full backups, most modern users prefer incremental backups over any other method.
What are Incremental Disk Images?
Much like a differential disk image, an incremental disk image is the result of an incremental data backup. When the first incremental backup is made, a full backup is created – this is true with all three backup methods described. However, subsequent incremental backups will only copy the data that has changes since the last backup – be it a full backup or an incremental backup. It’s faster than full and differential backups, but it does have its own drawbacks to consider.
The majority of the disadvantages associated with incremental backups are actually encountered during the data recovery and restoration phase. Because the backup needs to recall the original (full backup) as well as the incremental changes that have been made since the original backup was made, some datasets can take a long time to process.
Another potential drawback is the requirement that all files must be present within the image set. If one of the incremental images are missing, either due to accidental deletion, data corruption, or something else entirely, the resulting backup will not be usable when attempting a data recovery.
Which Method is Right for You?
Finding the ideal backup method for you or your organization really comes down to your exact needs, your budget, and the importance of the data you’re backing up. While a full backup ensures that a complete, recent copy of your data is always available, it’s certainly not the easiest or most efficient method out there. While differential and incremental backups also have their benefits, they also have some disadvantages to consider, too.
Dave L’s default passwords
Always 7788 or 9999.
Additionally, some later versions of Mint that support Secure Boot required a Management Password (MOK). I have never been asked for that but I set it as: 85739
Google and Yahoo Email Authentication changes
You may have heard that Google and Yahoo have announced some important changes to their email authentication requirements, taking effect in February 2024. These changes are crucial for all our users, especially those involved in bulk email sending. |
Key changes |
Mandatory Custom Domain Email: Required for sender’s email address. Domain Authentication: Setup SPF, DKIM records, and DMARC policy is necessary. One-Click Unsubscribe Link: Must be included in all emails. |
Action required |
Verify Your Custom Domain Email: Ensure it’s set up and verified for use. Authenticate Your Domain: Complete the SPF, DKIM, and DMARC setup process. Our support articles provide step-by-step guidance. Maintain Email List Hygiene: Regularly update your email lists to comply with spam rate limits. |
What we’re doing |
SPF Setup: Already configured on our sending domains. DKIM and DMARC Guidance: Available in our support resources. You can read the DMARC setup guide here. Automated Unsubscribe Link: Included in all emails from our platform. |
Please take prompt action to align with these new requirements and ensure uninterrupted email service. For assistance, our support team is readily available. |
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The 7 Worst Habits for Your Joints
Everything from what you eat to how often you text can affect the health of your joints
Use anything on and off all day, every day — for decades — and over time, it’s bound to show wear and tear. Case in point: the protective cushion between your bones, otherwise known as cartilage.
That’s why the risk for developing osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease, increases with age, says Angelie Mascarinas, M.D., a physiatrist at the Hospital for Special Surgery, headquartered in New York City. About 50 percent of adults over age 65 have arthritis, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); osteoarthritis is the most common form.
You can’t do much to slow the march of time, but there are plenty of lifestyle changes you can make to show your joints a little love. Here are the seven worst habits for your joints.

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1. Smoking
Not that you need another reason to give up cigarettes, but here it is: Smoking does a number on your joints. The nicotine in cigarettes narrows blood vessels and, as a result, restricts the amount of oxygen and critical nutrients that reach the joint cartilage. “This can result in cartilage loss, since cartilage receives its nutrients from the surrounding joint fluid and adjacent bone,” Mascarinas says.
That’s not all. It turns out, smoking also ups your risk for osteoporosis, the brittle bone disease. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, seniors who smoke are 30 to 40 percent more likely to break their hips than their nonsmoking counterparts. And it “may increase pain sensitivity,” Mascarinas says. “In other words, arthritis pain can be perceived as more severe in smokers, so the [pain-relieving] effects of arthritis medications may seem less effective to smokers.”
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2. A physically inactive lifestyle
Sedentary habits are bad for your joints in a couple of ways. For starters, it makes it tough to maintain a healthy weight, and extra pounds are hard on your joints, especially those in the hips, hands and knees, according to a study in Arthritis & Rheumatology that followed more than 1.7 million people for more than four years. Knees are especially vulnerable. Participants who were obese, with a body mass index of 30 or higher, were about three to five times as likely to get knee osteoarthritis. One study found that losing 1 pound of body weight translates into 4 pounds of pressure being taken off the knees.
Frequent sitting also “leads to muscle tightness in the hips and legs, and weakness of core-stabilizing muscles,” Mascarinas says.
To counter all of the above, aim for 30 minutes of joint-friendly exercise five days a week. “Moderate, low-impact activities like walking, water aerobics and swimming are easy on the joints,” Mascarinas says. “If you have osteoarthritis, avoid deep squats and deep lunges, running, repetitive jumping, and activities with quick turns and sudden stops like basketball and tennis.”
And make a point of breaking up bouts of sitting every 30 minutes or so with a couple minutes’ worth of stretches. Doing so helps keep joints lubricated, says Akhil Chhatre, M.D., director of spine rehabilitation and assistant professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. “I advise my patients to maintain some activity throughout the day, but to expect increased pain with increased activity.”
3. Overdoing exercise
Weekend warriors, listen up: Cramming in a week’s worth of exercise on the weekends isn’t doing your joints any favors. “There’s a happy medium between exercising our muscles and not overdoing the stress on the joints,” says David Porter, M.D., an orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon in Indianapolis. “Studies have shown that people with arthritis who keep their muscles in good shape manage arthritis much better.” Find the sweet spot with a mix of aerobic exercise and strength training. “Even 70-, 80- and 90-year-olds can continue to get good muscle responses to weight-training exercises,” Porter says. Research shows “that it’s easier to do daily activities — such as getting up out of a chair, going up and down steps, and possibly even decreasing the risk of falls — with more conditioned muscles.”
4. Carrying a heavy load
It’s hardly a surprise that heavy lifting — whether it’s hauling a filled-to-capacity tote bag on a daily basis or picking up your growing grandchild on those once-a-month visits — takes a toll on your body. And it exacts a specific toll on your joints. “Carrying objects that are heavy creates imbalance throughout the body,” Porter says. And these imbalances “create torque or stress on the joints, which can further deteriorate the cartilage over time.”
The trick, of course, is defining “heavy” load. Porter says to consider it “any amount of weight that requires more than one hand to pick it up.” Play it safe and use the palms of both hands or use your arms instead of your hands when you lift or carry stuff, the Arthritis Foundation suggests. Hold items close to your body, which is less stressful for your joints.

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5. Eating pro-inflammatory foods
We’re talking all the usual suspects: red meat, white sugar, French fries, soda, pastries. These pro-inflammatory foods can worsen joint pain, Mascarinas says. On the other hand, foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids — flaxseed oil and cold-water fish like salmon and mackerel — are considered anti-inflammatory and can help alleviate inflamed joints. Leafy greens are also recommended, as are cholesterol-lowering foods like almonds, pistachios and walnuts, suggests a study published in Rheumatology, which found a link between high cholesterol and knee and hand osteoarthritis.
Mascarinas suggests incorporating foods like olive oil, berries and fish into your diet if you’re experiencing joint pain. Foods that are high in beta-carotene, fiber, magnesium and omega-3s have also been linked to reduced inflammation in studies, she says. What’s more, “limiting pro-inflammatory foods like red meat, sugar and dairy can also decrease joint pain.”
6. Texting, texting, texting
The occasional text does minimal, if any, harm to the joints in your hands. But constant typing on that mini keyboard (aka, your cellphone) “creates inflammation of the joints and tendon sheaths, which can lead to pain and stiffness,” Porter says. The same holds true for iPads, laptops — basically anything with a keyboard. To avoid joint pain, take breaks. And consider relying on the speech-to-text function on your smartphone.
7. Skimping on sleep
Sleep and joint pain have a tricky relationship. On one hand, your joint pain may be what’s keeping you up at night — about 70 percent of people with osteoarthritis experience sleep disturbances, according to the Arthritis Foundation. But skipping out on sleep can make any pain you experience in the daytime even worse, the organization says.
Research suggests cognitive behavioral therapy (or CBT-I) can be helpful for people with chronic pain who experience insomnia. Sticking to an exercise program may also help, according to research from the University of Michigan. It’s well established that movement can help ease joint pain, and people who move more throughout the day are more likely to get a better night’s sleep, the researchers explain.
Also: Check in with your doctor to see if any of your medications are to blame for your sleep issues. And be sure to ask about any health conditions that may be keeping you from your ZZZ’s, such as sleep apnea.
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